Monday, February 14, 2011

Uncertainty lingers in Egypt as unrest ripples through region


Cairo, Egypt (CNN) -- Mourners gathered at a marble memorial set up for victims of clashes in Cairo's Tahrir Square Monday as some placed flowers next to pictures of the victims who died over the last three weeks.
"Our country is forever indebted to these warriors," said Maha Nasser, who visited the memorial.
In less than three weeks, Egyptians toppled a ruler of almost three decades, saw their country's Parliament dissolve and helped fuel anti-government protests in Yemen and Algeria. But as citizens adjust to the revolution -- and the new military-led government -- many questions remain.
The status of former President Hosni Mubarak is still a mystery. Mubarak had ruled Egypt with an iron fist and resigned Friday amid the euphoric cheers of many protesters, who danced in the streets well into the weekend.
Mubarak -- who has said he wants to live and die in Egypt -- is believed to be staying in a villa in the Red Sea resort town of Sharm el-Sheikh. Some Egyptians are demanding Mubarak stand trial, claiming he is responsible for the deaths of demonstrators during the 18 days of unrest.

And uncertainty lingered for protesters remaining at Tahrir Square on Monday. Demonstrators demanded changes such as a repeal of Egypt's emergency law and the implementation of a civilian body -- not a military body -- to oversee Egypt's transition to a new government.
A crowd of police officers united with demonstrators on Monday -- a sharp contrast from the violent clashes between police and protesters during the early days of the uprising.
"We didn't want to attack the protesters but they told us if we didn't they would put us in jail," one of the officers, Yousef Abdullah, said Monday. "They (superiors) treated us badly. If we disobeyed their orders they would put us in jail."
But military police quickly dispersed a group of about 70 protesters at the square Monday and did not tolerate media who tried to take pictures of the event.
The Egyptian junta now has to grapple with the economic problems that fueled the revolt, including massive youth unemployment and economic underdevelopment. The demonstrations virtually shut down Egypt's economy, costing it vital tourism dollars as well.
Monday was declared a bank holiday after protests at the headquarters of the National Bank of Egypt appeared to have forced the ouster of that institution's chairman, Tarek Amer, and two top deputies, who submitted their resignations on Sunday, according to an e-mail shared with CNN by a bank employee.
It was not clear whether the resignations have been accepted. But Egyptian state television announced Sunday evening that banks would be shut down until Wednesday, and urged workers to consider the national interest.
Bank workers complained that members of Mubarak's family put their allies into positions of power at the bank with grossly inflated salaries.
Meanwhile, Egypt's military dissolved the country's parliament and suspended Egypt's Constitution on Sunday following Mubarak's departure, telling Egyptians it would be in charge for six months or until elections can be held.
 The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces said it would appoint a committee to propose changes to the constitution, which would then be submitted to voters. The council will have the power to issue new laws during the transition period, according to a communique read on state television.
Sameh Shoukry, Egypt's ambassador to the United States, said Sunday that the generals have made restoring security and reviving the economy its top priorities.
"This current composition is basically a technocratic government to run the day-to-day affairs, to take care of the security void that has happened, and to also address the issues related to the economy," Shoukry told CNN's "Fareed Zakaria GPS."

However, a leading opposition figure said Sunday that the military must explain its plans in more detail or see a resumption of the demonstrations that drove Mubarak from office.
"They need to come out of their headquarters and start talking to the people and tell us what is in store for us," Mohammed ElBaradei told GPS.
Mubarak is a product of the military establishment that has ruled Egypt since the 1950s, but his abdication leaves a council of generals led by Defense Minister Hussein Tantawi in charge of the Arab world's most populous nation.
Sunday's military communique said new elections would be held for both houses of Egypt's Parliament as well as the presidency. Protesters had blasted the November parliamentary elections as fraudulent, and calls for their annulment were among the major demands before Mubarak's ouster.
In the meantime, government ministers are now reporting to the military high command in the same way they reported to Mubarak, Prime Minister Ahmed Shafiq told reporters Sunday. He said he was reviewing candidates to fill vacant government ministries.
Cairo's stock exchange will freeze transactions from former ministers and businessmen who are now under investigation when trading resumes Wednesday, the exchange's chairman, Khaled Serri Siyam, announced in a statement on the government-run website EgyNews.
Outside the Interior Ministry, hundreds of disgruntled police officers demanding higher wages, shorter hours, better benefits and more respect faced off with Egyptian troops Sunday. The police officers currently earn 500 Egyptian pounds (about $85) a month -- a quarter of what army troops of comparable rank earn, they said -- and face imprisonment if they refuse to work unpaid overtime. Both low-ranking police officers and administrative staff joined in the protest.
Mubarak's ouster came three weeks after a similar revolt toppled longtime Tunisian strongman Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. And even as officials hash out the details of Egypt's murky political future, public demands for change have rippled throughout the region.
In Yemen's capital Sanaa, protesters chanted, "Yesterday Tunisia, today Egypt -- tomorrow Yemen will open the prison" on Saturday. The same day, in Algeria, anti-government protesters chanted, "Change the power!"
Security forces clashed with the crowds Saturday in Algiers and detained roughly 100 protesters, according to the opposition Algerian League for Human Rights.
Shoukry said it was a "matter of pride" for Egyptians that their revolution was "organized and peaceful," adding, "Egypt has always been a trend-setter in this region."
"The region looks to us in many aspects, and I'm sure also in this regard, many lessons will be learned," he said.